Regular roof inspections can prevent small problems from escalating into costly ones. For example, examining the roof field membrane for areas of physical damage and environmental deterioration allows prompt repair by qualified roofing mechanics.

Removing accumulated dirt, leaves, pine needles, and twigs helps improve drainage and prevent algae, moss, and mold growth. Also, observing leaning or unstable tree conditions can help prevent them from falling on your home in a high wind storm. Visit https://www.fivestarroofingandcontracting.com/ to learn more.

Unlike the rest of a building, roofs are not designed to be permanent and have few features that allow them to function without regular inspection and care. They are exposed to severe weather events such as ice and hail storms, direct sunlight and extreme heat that age surface materials and can lead to leaks. Additionally, trees drop limbs and leaves that can damage or puncture roofing surfaces, and animals may build nests that can impact roof performance. These forces of nature and the structural integrity of a roof are why it is important to perform a housekeeping survey periodically.

A housekeeping survey involves a visual examination of the entire roof surface and identifies any areas of concern. On a single-ply roof, this may include areas of missing or damaged membrane, holes, cracks, and fastener back-out. On built-up and tile roofs, it includes a check of the gravel or felt layer for bare spots. If a low spot is identified, it should be inspected by qualified roofing mechanics to determine the best repair option.

This survey should also include an examination of the drains, scuppers, and gutters. Debris that accumulate on the roof surface restricts drainage, accelerates membrane deterioration and promotes algae growth and moss. Drainage should be cleared and any debris that is causing problems such as ponding or surface erosion should be removed as soon as possible. Additionally, any pipes, cables and conduit should be inspected for loose components or excessively long runs that could cause them to rub against the roof surface. Finally, overhanging branches should be trimmed as needed to prevent abrasions and potential surface punctures.

Leaks can be difficult to detect because they often occur in places that are not readily visible, but a thorough inspection of the interior ceilings and walls can help identify the source of water damage. An attic inspection should also be conducted to look for signs of moisture such as mold, mildew and water stains. These signs can be an indicator of a roof leak that should be repaired as quickly as possible to prevent serious structural and water damage.

Inspect and Replace Flashing

Flashing is a vital part of the roof system providing waterproofing at roof perimeter parapet walls, interior elevation transitions, equipment curbs and penthouses. These areas are particularly vulnerable to damage and deterioration due to weather exposure. Flashing should be examined for physical damage such as rust and holes and for deterioration of the sealant. Sealant failure is often caused by penetrations such as chimneys, skylights, exhaust fans and vents. It is also common for sealant to fail around the perimeter of flashings. A thorough inspection will reveal these locations and should be repaired as soon as possible to prevent leaks.

Leaks can result from missing or loose shingles, deteriorated or damaged flashings and improper caulking around penetrations. All these problems can be avoided with a comprehensive inspection and regular maintenance.

It is important to note that these issues are not visible from the ground and are generally only discovered with a rooftop survey. A professional roof inspection will ensure that all potential problems are identified and addressed.

In addition to these items, roofs should be inspected for debris accumulation, clogged drains, vegetation, watermarks and mold. This debris can clog roof drains and lead to premature deterioration of roofing surfaces and elements. Likewise, clogged gutters can lead to drainage problems that may necessitate their removal. Signs indicating that electrical, hazardous chemicals or extremely hot equipment is on the roof should be examined for proper placement and to make sure they are legible and posted. Inadequate or missing signage can create an unsafe environment for maintenance staff.

Inspect and Replace Caulk

Look for caulking that is cracked, broken, open, or deteriorating. If a problem is found, address it immediately to prevent small issues from escalating into major leaks and costly repairs. This should be done on a regular basis. It is common for sealant to break down over time, especially in the hot summer months or during the cold wintery weather. Sealant failure is often caused by a combination of poor installation and climatic conditions. If a repair is beyond the skill set of facility staff, a local qualified contractor should be called to address this issue.

Also look for blisters, bubbles and cracks in the foam that should be patched with polyurethane caulking. Do not step on or puncture these areas, as this will damage the roof membrane.

All drains, scuppers and gutters should be cleaned of debris to avoid clogs and to keep water from collecting on the roof surface. Accumulated water accelerates membrane deterioration and can cause puncture holes. Also look for loose or rusting gutter hardware and trim back any overhanging tree limbs to limit wild animal access to the roof surface.

Inspect Pipes and Vents

The checklist should include a check of the location and condition of all pipes, vents, skylights, chimneys, exhaust fans and equipment. Look for signs of deterioration such as rust, cracking, fungus, and corroded supports. Make sure that all pipe supports are properly supported to prevent sagging or deflecting of the roof membrane. If a support is digging into the membrane, repositioning may be required.

If a drain, scupper or gutter becomes blocked by ice or snow, removal of the blocking material may be necessary to facilitate drainage and reduce detrimental structural loading. In some cases, heat tape can be used to eliminate the blockage without damaging the membrane. Generally, housekeeping surveys can be assigned to in-house mechanics responsible for day to day building maintenance activities. Specialized and extensive repairs should be contracted to roofing professionals. All work on the roof should be coordinated with facility management and security. All personnel should be instructed on proper roof safety practices and precautions.